SEC Filing | FormFactor, Inc.

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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE

COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark one)

x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 27, 2009

o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 000-50307

FormFactor, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

DELAWARE		13-3711155
(State or other jurisdiction of		(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)		Identification No.)

7005 Southfront Road, Livermore, California 94551

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(925) 290-4000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of the Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes o No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large Accelerated filer o		Accelerated filer x

Non-accelerated filer o		Smaller reporting company o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x

As of July 31, 2009, 49,469,534 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, were outstanding.

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FORMFACTOR, INC.

FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 27, 2009

INDEX

Part I.	Financial Information	3

Item 1.	Financial Statements:	3

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 and June 28, 2008	3

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 27, 2009 and December 27, 2008	4

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 27, 2009 and June 28, 2008	5

	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	34

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	34

Part II.	Other Information	34

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	34

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	35

Item 4.	Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders	39

Item 6.	Exhibits	39

Signature		40

Exhibit Index		41

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

FORMFACTOR, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 27,			June 28,			June 27,			June 28,
	2009			2008			2009			2008
Revenues	$	31,198		$	52,013		$	58,567		$	117,716
Cost of revenues	32,524			40,912			63,572			94,043
Gross profit (loss)	(1,326		)	11,101			(5,005		)	23,673
Operating expenses:
Research and development	13,938			15,821			28,047			32,209
Selling, general and administrative	18,263			22,705			44,574			45,363
Restructuring	264			3,223			7,943			8,543
Total operating expenses	32,465			41,749			80,564			86,115
Operating loss	(33,791		)	(30,648		)	(85,569		)	(62,442		)
Interest income	762			3,128			1,877			8,003
Other income (expense), net	(89		)	(652		)	(505		)	141
Loss before income taxes	(33,118		)	(28,172		)	(84,197		)	(54,298		)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	32,728			(9,513		)	19,592			(17,678		)
Net loss	$	(65,846	)	$	(18,659	)	$	(103,789	)	$	(36,620	)
Net loss per share:
Basic	$	(1.33	)	$	(0.38	)	$	(2.11	)	$	(0.75	)
Diluted	$	(1.33	)	$	(0.38	)	$	(2.11	)	$	(0.75	)
Weighted-average number of shares used in per share calculations:
Basic	49,394			48,835			49,297			48,789
Diluted	49,394			48,835			49,297			48,789

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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FORMFACTOR, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	June 27,			December 27,
	2009			2008
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	183,106		$	337,926
Marketable securities	303,712			184,968
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $9,151 at June 27, 2009 and $4,220 at December 27, 2008	34,214			34,127
Inventories	18,560			18,788
Deferred tax assets	7,085			23,039
Refundable income taxes	14,791			29,413
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	8,717			14,702
Total current assets	570,185			642,963
Restricted cash	680			680
Property and equipment, net	100,898			113,813
Deferred tax assets	1,815			20,580
Other assets	1,248			7,674
Total assets	$	674,826		$	785,710
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	20,562		$	33,214
Accrued liabilities	16,229			25,693
Income taxes payable	190			1,904
Deferred revenue	9,771			4,946
Deferred rent	455			452
Total current liabilities	47,207			66,209
Long-term income taxes payable	6,153			7,732
Deferred rent and other liabilities	5,424			5,705
Total liabilities	58,784			79,646
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value:
10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding at June 27, 2009 and December 27, 2008, respectively	—			—
Common stock, $0.001 par value:
250,000,000 shares authorized; 49,467,371 and 49,062,308 shares issued and outstanding at June 27, 2009 and December 27, 2008, respectively	49			49
Additional paid-in capital	616,926			602,295
Accumulated other comprehensive income	1,058			1,922
Retained earnings (deficit)	(1,991		)	101,798
Total stockholders’ equity	616,042			706,064
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	674,826		$	785,710

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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FORMFACTOR, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Six Months Ended
	June 27,			June 28,
	2009			2008
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(103,789	)	$	(36,620	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	15,989			15,776
Stock-based compensation expense	11,909			12,811
Deferred income tax provision (benefit)	34,642			(2,653		)
Excess tax benefits from equity based compensation plans	(437		)	(127		)
Provision for doubtful accounts receivable	4,931			489
Provision for excess and obsolete inventories	5,818			11,846
Loss on disposal of property and equipment	144			982
Non-cash restructuring	366			—
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(4,976		)	23,449
Inventories	(5,545		)	(7,391		)
Prepaids and other current assets	5,858			1,911
Refundable income taxes	14,683			(16,062		)
Other assets	6,389			224
Accounts payable	(8,252		)	(5,327		)
Accrued liabilities	(8,752		)	(8,735		)
Income tax payable	(3,285		)	(895		)
Deferred rent	(257		)	(195		)
Deferred revenues	4,821			2,266
Net cash used in operating activities	(29,743		)	(8,251		)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisition of property and equipment	(8,753		)	(20,772		)
Purchases of marketable securities	(287,616		)	(163,568		)
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities	149,430			147,352
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities	18,905			153,789
Net cash provided by (used) in investing activities	(128,034		)	116,801
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuances of common stock and awards, net	2,565			3,453
Excess tax benefits from equity based compensation plans	437			127
Net cash provided by financing activities	3,002			3,580
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(45		)	(186		)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(154,820		)	111,944
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	337,926			315,232
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	183,106		$	427,176
Supplemental cash flow disclosures:
Purchases of property and equipment through accounts payable and accruals	$	(5,065	)	$	(9,153	)
Income taxes paid (refunded), net	$	(26,576	)	$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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FORMFACTOR, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

Note 1 — Basis of Presentation

Basis of presentation. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of FormFactor, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and pursuant to the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Company’s interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary to fairly present the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows have been included. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 26, 2009, or for any other period. The balance sheet at December 27, 2008 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. These financial statements and notes should be read with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 27, 2008 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2009.

Fiscal Year. The Company operates on a 52/53 week fiscal year, whereby the year ends on the last Saturday of December. Fiscal 2009 will end on December 26, 2009, and will consist of 52 weeks.

Reclassifications. Certain prior period balances have been reclassified to conform to the current financial statement presentation. None of these reclassifications had an impact on reported net loss for any periods presented.

Subsequent Events. The Company has performed an evaluation of subsequent events through August 6, 2009, which is the date the financial statements were issued.

Note 2 — Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Other Reporting Considerations

In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 168, “The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” (“SFAS 168”). SFAS 168 establishes the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (the “Codification”) as the single source of authoritative nongovernmental U.S. GAAP. The Codification is effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. The adoption of this standard will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167, “Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R)” (“SFAS 167”). SFAS 167 is intended to improve financial reporting by providing additional guidance to companies involved with variable interest entities and by requiring additional disclosures about a company’s involvement in variable interest entities. This standard is effective for interim and annual periods ending after November 15, 2009. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 166, “Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets” (“SFAS 166”). SFAS 166 is a revision to SFAS No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities”, and will require more information about transfers of financial assets and where companies have continuing exposure to the risk related to transferred financial assets. It eliminates the concept of a qualifying special purpose entity, changes the requirements for derecognizing financial assets, and requires additional disclosure. This standard is effective for interim and annual periods ending after November 15, 2009. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

For the quarter beginning March 29, 2009, the Company adopted FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, “Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments” (“FSP FAS 115-2”). FSP FAS 115-2 amends the other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) guidance in U.S. GAAP to make the guidance more operational and to improve the presentation of other-than-temporary impairments in a company’s financial statements. Prior to FSP FAS 115-2, if OTTI was determined to exist, the Company recognized an OTTI charge into earnings in an amount equal to the difference between the investment’s amortized cost basis and its fair value as of the balance sheet date of the reporting period. Under FSP 115-2, if OTTI has been incurred, and it is more-likely-than-not that the Company will not sell the investment security

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before the recovery of its amortized cost basis, then the OTTI is separated into (a) the amount representing the credit loss and (b) the amount related to all other factors. The amount of the total OTTI related to the credit loss is recognized in earnings. The amount of the total OTTI related to other factors is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”). There was no initial effect of adoption on March 28, 2009.

For the quarter beginning March 29, 2009, the Company adopted FSP FAS 157-4, Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly” (“FSP FAS 157-4”). FSP FAS 157-4 provides additional guidance for estimating fair value in accordance with SFAS 157 when the volume and level of activity for an asset or liability have significantly decreased. FSP FAS 157-4 also includes guidance on identifying circumstances that indicate a transaction is not orderly. The adoption of FSP FAS 157-4 did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

For the quarter beginning March 29, 2009, the Company adopted FSP FAS 107-1 and Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) 28-1, “Interim Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments” (“FSP FAS 107-1”). FSP FAS 107-1 amends SFAS No. 107, Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments, to require disclosures about fair value of financial instruments in interim financial statements as well as in annual financial statements and also amends APB Opinion No. 28, Interim Financial Reporting, to require those disclosures in all interim financial statements. The adoption of FSP FAS 107-1 did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition. See Note 4 for additional disclosures included in accordance with FSP FAS 107-1.

For the quarter beginning March 29, 2009, the Company adopted FASB Statement No. 165, “Subsequent Events” (“SFAS 165”). SFAS 165 establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. It requires the disclosure of the date through which an entity has evaluated subsequent events and the basis for that date—that is, whether that date represents the date the financial statements were issued or were available to be issued. This disclosure should alert all users of financial statements that an entity has not evaluated subsequent events after that date in the set of financial statements being presented. Adoption of SFAS 165 did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

The Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) No. 08-1, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables,” is expected to modify the objective-and-reliable-evidence-of-fair-value threshold in EITF Issue No. 00-21, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables.” The modification would allow the use of an estimated selling price for purposes of separating elements included in multiple-element arrangements and allocating arrangement consideration when neither vendor-specific objective evidence nor acceptable third-party evidence of the selling price are available. In addition, this modification would eliminate the residual method for allocation of arrangement consideration. If this standard is enacted, it could alter the timing of how the Company records revenue for future arrangements. As the standard is not final, the Company cannot currently predict what the impact of these changes could be on its consolidated financial statements.

Note 3 — Restructuring Charges

The Company accounts for restructuring and separation costs in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities” (“SFAS No. 146”). The Company recorded restructuring charges of $0.3 million and $3.2 million for the three months ended June 27, 2009 and June 28, 2008, respectively, and $7.9 million and $8.5 million for the six months ended June 27, 2009 and June 28, 2008, respectively. The restructuring plan implemented in the first quarter of 2009 is discussed in detail below. For a complete discussion of all restructuring actions that were implemented prior to fiscal 2009, please refer to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2009.

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In the first quarter of fiscal 2009, the Company implemented a global reorganization and cost reduction plan (the “Q1 2009 Restructuring Plan”) designed to lower the Company’s cash breakeven level in order to enable the Company to sustain itself financially in the current market environment. The Q1 2009 Restructuring Plan extended the global cost reduction plans implemented during fiscal 2008 and included workforce reductions of 178 employees spread across all functions of the organization. The Q1 2009 Restructuring Plan also included other actions such as the elimination of 24 contractor positions as well as non-replacement of certain voluntary employee terminations. In accordance with SFAS 146, the Company recorded $7.7 million in charges for this restructuring plan in the first quarter of fiscal 2009, of which $7.3 million related to severance and related benefits and $0.4 million related to write-down of certain assets taken out of service. The Company incurred approximately $0.3 million in connection with this restructuring plan in the second quarter of fiscal 2009 related to severance and related benefits. The following table summarizes the activity related to the Q1 2009 Restructuring Plan as of June 27, 2009 (in thousands):

	Employee Severance and Benefits			Property and Equipment Write-down			Contract Termination and Other			Total
Accrual at December 27, 2008	$	77		$	—		$	71		$	148
Q1’09 Restructuring charges	7,332			366			(19		)	7,679
Cash payments	(5,287		)				19			(5,268		)
Non-cash settlements	(217		)	(366		)	—			(583		)
Accrual at March 28, 2009	1,905			—			71			1,976
Q2’09 Restructuring charges	250			—			14			264
Cash payments	(776		)	—			—			(776		)
Accrual at June 27, 2009	$	1,379		$	—		$	85		$	1,464

Restructuring charges are reflected separately as “Restructuring” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The remaining accrual as of June 27, 2009 relates primarily to severance benefits which will be paid within the next nine months. As such, the restructuring accrual is recorded as a current liability within Accrued Liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Note 4 — Fair Value

The Company adopted SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”) as of the beginning of its fiscal 2008 year for its financial assets and financial liabilities. In February 2008, FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157,” which provides a one year deferral of the effective date of SFAS 157 for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed in the financial statements at fair value at least annually. The Company adopted SFAS 157 as it relates to nonrecurring fair value measurement requirements for non-financial assets and liabilities as of the beginning of its 2009 fiscal year.

SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements and does not require any new fair value measurements. The standard describes a fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, the first two of which are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value:

· Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

· Level 2 - Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly.

· Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

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Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The Company measures and reports certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, including money market funds, U. S. government securities, municipal bonds, agency securities and foreign currency derivatives. In accordance with SFAS 157, the following table represents the Company’s fair value hierarchy for its financial assets (cash equivalents and marketable securities) measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 27, 2009 (in thousands):

	Level 1		Level 2		Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents
Money market funds	$	144,660	$	—	$	144,660
Agency securities	—		19,996		19,996
Marketable securities
U. S. Treasury	—		48,456		48,456
Municipal bonds	—		12,083		12,083
Agency securities	—		243,175		243,175
Total	$	144,660	$	323,710	$	468,370

The Level 1 assets consist of the Company’s money market fund deposits. The Level 2 assets consist of the Company’s available-for-sale debt investment portfolio. The Company’s investments are priced by pricing vendors who provided observable inputs for their pricing without applying significant judgments. Broker’s pricing is used mainly when a quoted price is not available, the investment is not priced by the Company’s pricing vendors or when a broker price is more reflective of fair values in the market in which the investment trades. The Company’s investments are labeled as Level 2 investments because fair values for these investments are based on similar assets without applying significant judgments. In addition, all of the Company’s investments have a sufficient level of trading volume to demonstrate that the fair values used are appropriate for these investments.

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Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The following table presents the Company’s asset that was measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the six months ended June 27, 2009 (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended		Fair Value Measured Using
	June 27, 2009		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Asset:
Asset held for sale (included in Prepaids and other current assets)	$	900	$	—	$	—	$	900

The Level 3 asset consisted of a building held for sale in Livermore, California. The Company used unobservable inputs to value the building held for sale reflecting the Company’s assumptions that market participants would use in pricing this asset due to the absence of recent comparable market transactions and inherent lack of liquidity.

The Company’s fair value processes include controls that are designed to ensure appropriate fair values are recorded. Such controls include model validation, review of key model inputs, and analysis of period-over-period fluctuations and independent recalculation of prices.

Marketable Securities

Marketable securities at June 27, 2009 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Market Value
U. S. Treasury	$	63,235	$	231	$	(45	)	$	63,421
Agency Securities	227,625		600		(16		)	228,209
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	12,015		76		(9		)	12,082
	$	302,875	$	907	$	(70	)	$	303,712

Marketable securities at December 27, 2008 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Market Value
U. S. Treasury	$	104,817	$	468	$	—		$	105,285
Agency Securities	60,943		836		(24		)	61,755
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	17,862		126		(60		)	17,928
	$	183,622	$	1,430	$	(84	)	$	184,968

The Company typically invests in highly-rated securities with low probabilities of default. The Company’s investment policy requires investments to be rated single-A or better, limits the types of acceptable investments, concentration as to security holder and duration of the investment. The net unrealized losses on the Company’s investments during the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 were caused primarily by changes in interest rates. When evaluating the investments for other-than-temporary impairment, the Company reviews factors such as the length of time and extent to which fair value has been below the amortized cost basis, review of current market liquidity, interest rate risk, the financial condition of the issuer, as well as credit rating downgrades. The Company believes that the unrealized losses are not other-than-temporary. The Company does not have a foreseeable need to liquidate the portfolio and anticipates recovering the full cost of the securities either as market conditions improve, or as the securities mature.

Contractual maturities of marketable securities as of June 27, 2009 were as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Market Value
Due in one year or less	$	266,958	$	267,346
Due after one year to three years	35,917		36,366
	$	302,875	$	303,712

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Realized gains on sales and maturities of marketable securities were immaterial for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009. Realized gains on sales and maturities of marketable securities were immaterial for the three months ended June 28, 2008 and were $0.5 million for the six months ended June 28, 2008.

Note 5 — Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

A majority of the Company’s trade receivables are derived from sales to large multinational semiconductor manufacturers throughout the world. In order to monitor potential credit losses, the Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. An allowance for doubtful accounts is maintained for probable credit losses based upon the Company’s assessment of the expected collectibility of all accounts receivable. The allowance for doubtful accounts is reviewed on a quarterly basis to assess the adequacy of the allowance. The Company takes into consideration (1) any circumstances of which the Company is aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations; and (2) its judgments as to prevailing economic conditions in the industry and their impact on its customers. If circumstances change, and the financial condition of its customers are adversely affected and they are unable to meet their financial obligations to the Company, the Company may need to take additional allowances, which would result in an increase in the Company’s net loss.

The Company recorded a provision for doubtful accounts of $5.2 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2009 primarily due to the heightened risk of non-payment of accounts receivable by certain customers facing financial difficulty. The Company recorded a reduction to provision for doubtful accounts of $0.3 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2009. The allowance for doubtful accounts consisted of the following activity for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 (in thousands):

	Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable
Balance at December 27, 2008	$	4,220
Additions/(reductions) to provision	5,246
Deductions	—
Balance at March 28, 2009	9,466
Additions/(reductions) to provision	(315		)
Deductions	—
Balance at June 27, 2009	$	9,151

Note 6 — Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (principally standard cost which approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis) or market value. Provision for estimated excess and obsolete inventories are made based on management’s analysis of inventory levels and future sales forecasts. Once the value is adjusted, the original cost of the Company’s inventory less the related inventory write-down represents the new cost basis of such products. Reversal of these write-downs is recognized only when the related inventory has been scrapped or sold.

The Company designs, manufactures and sells a fully custom product into a market that has been subject to cyclicality and significant demand fluctuations. Probe cards are complex products, custom to a specific chip design and must be delivered on short lead-times. Probe cards are manufactured in low volumes; therefore, material purchases are often subject to minimum purchase order quantities in excess of the actual demand. It is not uncommon for the Company to acquire production materials and start certain production activities based on estimated production yields and forecasted demand prior to or in excess of actual demand for the Company’s wafer probe cards. These factors make inventory valuation adjustments part of the Company’s normal recurring cost of revenue. Excess and obsolete inventory write downs were $5.8 million, and $11.8 million for the six months ended June 27, 2009, and June 28, 2008, respectively. The Company retains a portion of the excess inventory until the customer’s design is discontinued. The inventory may be used to satisfy customer warranty obligations.

When the Company’s products have been delivered, but the revenue associated with that product is deferred because the related revenue recognition criteria have not been met, the Company defers the related inventory costs. The deferred inventory costs do not exceed the deferred revenue amounts.

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Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):

	June 27,		December 27,
	2009		2008
Raw materials	$	1,680	$	2,147
Work-in-progress	4,874		7,120
Finished goods:
Deferred cost of revenue	5,861		1,765
Manufactured finished goods	6,145		7,756
	$	18,560	$	18,788

Note 7 — Warranty

The Company offers warranties on its products and records a liability for the estimated future costs associated with customer warranty claims, which is based upon historical experience and the Company’s estimate of the level of future costs. Warranty costs are reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as a cost of revenues.

A reconciliation of the changes in the Company’s warranty liability (included in accrued liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets) is as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 27,			June 28,			June 27,			June 28,
	2009			2008			2009			2008
Warranty accrual beginning balance	$	914		$	2,303		$	1,098		$	1,383
Accrual for warranties issued during the period	(200		)	648			(28		)	2,488
Settlements made during the period	(80		)	(1,471		)	(436		)	(2,391		)
Warranty accrual ending balance	$	634		$	1,480		$	634		$	1,480

Note 8 — Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Useful Life (in years)	June 27, 2009			December 27, 2008
Machinery and equipment	5 to 7	112,958			109,808
Computer equipment and software	3 to 5	28,741			28,378
Furniture and fixtures	5	7,041			6,860
Leasehold improvements	1 to 15	70,438			70,699
		219,178			215,745
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(132,499		)	(116,900		)
		86,679			98,845
Construction-in-progress		14,219			14,968
		$	100,898		$	113,813

In fiscal 2007, as part of its global manufacturing plan, the Company entered into a land lease offer agreement to establish a manufacturing facility in Singapore. During fiscal 2008, the Company decided not to proceed with the construction of the new manufacturing facility at this proposed site in Singapore. Accordingly in the first quarter of fiscal 2009, the Company entered into a contract for the early termination of the land lease offer agreement in Singapore and received $6.7 million in exchange for surrendering to the lessor the lease offer and related land.

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Note 9 — Comprehensive loss

Comprehensive loss includes foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities, the impact of which has been excluded from net income and reflected as components of stockholders’ equity.

Components of comprehensive loss were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 27,			June 28,			June 27,			June 28,
	2009			2008			2009			2008
Net loss	$	(65,846	)	$	(18,659	)	$	(103,789	)	$	(36,620	)
Unrealized loss on investments, net of taxes	(151		)	(571		)	(564		)	(835		)
Cumulative translation adjustments	359			(554		)	(300		)	226
Other Comprehensive income (loss)	208			(1,125		)	(864		)	(609		)
Comprehensive Loss	$	(65,638	)	$	(19,784	)	$	(104,653	)	$	(37,229	)

Components of accumulated other comprehensive income were as follows (in thousands):

	June 27,		December 27,
	2009		2008
Unrealized gains and losses on investments, net of tax	$	516	$	1,080
Foreign currency translation adjustments	542		842
Accumulated other comprehensive income	$	1,058	$	1,922

Note 10 — Stockholders’ Equity

Stock Option Plans

The Company has three equity incentive plans: Incentive Option Plan and Management Incentive Option Plan (together, the “Prior Plans”), and 2002 Equity Incentive Plan (“2002 Plan”), which became effective in June 2002. Upon the effectiveness of the 2002 Plan, the Company ceased granting any equity awards under the Prior Plans, although forfeited, repurchased, cancelled or terminated Prior Plan shares are transferred to the 2002 Plan.

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Stock option activity under the Prior Plans and the 2002 Plan during the six months ended June 27, 2009 is set forth below:

					Weighted
					Average
					Remaining	Aggregate
	Options		Weighted Average		Contractual	Intrinsic
	Outstanding		Exercise Price		Life in Years	Value
Balance at December 27, 2008	6,686,820		$	27.36
Options granted	12,500		15.25
Options exercised	(42,498	)	8.76
Options cancelled:
Forfeited	(220,130	)	32.86
Expired	(25,434	)	38.42
Balance at March 28, 2009	6,411,258		27.23		4.65	$	9,061,934
Options granted	327,500		17.11
Options exercised	(104,794	)	7.85
Options cancelled:
Forfeited	(243,520	)	37.71
Expired	(233,705	)	30.39
Balance at June 27, 2009	6,156,739		$	26.49	4.66	$	7,180,708

Vested and expected to vest at June 27, 2009	5,795,389		$	26.55	4.59	$	7,070,283

Ending Exercisable at June 27, 2009	4,375,847		$	25.96	4.28	$	6,806,348

The weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted during the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 was $7.82 per share and $7.81 per share, respectively. The intrinsic value of option exercises during the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 was $1.2 million and $1.5 million, respectively. Cash received from stock option exercises during the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 was $0.8 million and $1.2 million, respectively and, the gross tax benefit realized by the Company was approximately $1.7 million and $3.7 million for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009, respectively.

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Restricted Stock Units

Activity of the restricted stock units under the 2002 Plan during the six months ended June 27, 2009 is set forth below:

			Weighted
			Average Grant
	Units		Date Fair Value
Restricted stock units at December 27, 2008	583,865		$	19.92
Awards granted	25,300		14.90
Awards released	(117,307	)	20.10
Awards cancelled	(35,923	)	18.87
Restricted stock units at March 28, 2009	455,935		19.65
Awards granted	686,190		17.13
Awards released	(31,730	)	20.87
Awards cancelled	(13,432	)	19.18
Restricted stock units at June 27, 2009	1,096,963		$	18.05

Note 11 — Stock-Based Compensation

The Company applies the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), using the modified prospective transition method. SFAS 123(R) requires companies to recognize the cost of employee services received in exchange for awards of equity instruments based upon the grant-date fair value of those awards.

The table below shows the stock-based compensation charges included in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 27,			June 28,			June 27,			June 28,
	2009			2008			2009			2008
Stock-based compensation expense included in:
Cost of revenues	$	935		$	1,189		$	1,693		$	2,547
Research and development	1,449			1,601			2,438			2,754
Selling, general and administrative	4,738			3,758			7,562			6,887
Restructuring	—			146			216			623
Total stock-based compensation	7,122			6,694			11,909			12,811
Tax effect on stock-based compensation	(2,400		)	(2,210		)	(4,018		)	(3,831		)
Total stock-based compensation, net of tax	$	4,722		$	4,484		$	7,891		$	8,980

Stock-based compensation expense for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 includes $2,477,000 resulting from the modification and acceleration of the vesting of a portion of the options awarded to the Company’s founder and former Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors in conjunction with his separation agreement and general release. Stock-based compensation expense for the six months ended June 28, 2008 includes approximately $256,000 in stock-based compensation expense resulting from the modification and acceleration of the vesting of a portion of the Company’s former Chief Financial Officer’s stock options in conjunction with his separation agreement and general release and approximately $287,000 in stock-based compensation expense resulting from the acceleration of the vesting of a portion of the Company’s former Senior Vice President, Product Business Group’s restricted stock units in conjunction with his separation agreement and general release.

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Stock Options

The following weighted-average assumptions were used in the estimated grant-date fair value calculations for stock options:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 27,		June 28,		June 27,		June 28,
	2009		2008		2009		2008
Stock Options:
Dividend yield	—		—		—		—
Expected volatility	53.3	%	53.5	%	53.4	%	53.3	%
Risk-free interest rate	1.68	%	2.64	%	1.68	%	2.99	%
Expected term (in years)	4.67		4.75		4.67		4.75

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

During the six months ended June 27, 2009 and June 28, 2008, 154,145 shares and 150,410 shares, respectively, were issued under the 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”).

Unrecognized Compensation Costs

At June 27, 2009, the unrecognized stock-based compensation, adjusted for estimated forfeitures, was as follows (in thousands):

			Average Expected
	Unrecognized		Recognition Period
	Expense		in years
Stock options	$	20,063	1.45
Restricted stock units	13,064		3.2
Employee Stock Purchase Plan	700		0.8
Total unrecognized share-based compensation expense	$	33,827

Note 12 — Net Loss per Share

Basic net (loss) per share is computed by dividing net (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net (loss) per share is computed giving effect to all potential dilutive common stock, including stock options, restricted stock units and common stock subject to repurchase. Diluted loss per share for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 and June 28, 2008 were based only on the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during that period as the inclusion of any common stock equivalents would have been anti-dilutive.

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A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the calculation of basic and diluted net (loss) per share follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 27, 2009			June 28, 2008			June 27, 2009			June 28, 2008
	(In thousands)
Basic net loss per share
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(65,846	)	$	(18,659	)	$	(103,789	)	$	(36,620	)
Denominator:
Weighted average common stock outstanding	49,394			48,835			49,297			48,789
Diluted net loss per share
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(65,846	)	$	(18,659	)	$	(103,789	)	$	(36,620	)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing basic net loss per share	49,394			48,835			49,297			48,789
Add stock options, restricted stock, ESPP, warrants and common stock subject to repurchase	—			—			—			—
Weighted average shares used in computing diluted net loss per share	49,394			48,835			49,297			48,789

The following table sets forth the weighted-average of all potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computation in the table above because their effect would have been antidilutive:

	Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended
	June 27,	June 28,	June 27,	June 28,
	2009	2008	2009	2008
Options to purchase common stock	5,373	7,021	5,475	6,981
Restricted stock units	31	46	—	38
Employee Stock Purchase Plan	98	1,536	98	913
Total potentially dilutive securities	5,502	8,603	5,573	7,932

Note 13 — Income Taxes

The Company recognized an income tax provision of $32.7 million and $19.6 million for the three months and six months ended June 27, 2009, respectively, despite losses before taxes. The provision is primarily due to a valuation allowance of $44.7 million, which includes excess tax benefits recognized during the second quarter of fiscal 2009 and prior quarters, against the Company’s Federal and state deferred tax assets in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” The valuation allowance was recorded at the end of the second quarter of 2009 to reduce certain Federal and state net deferred tax assets to their anticipated realizable value. The remaining realizable value was determined by evaluating the potential to recover the value of these assets through the utilization of loss carrybacks.

SFAS 109 requires the consideration of a valuation allowance to reflect the likelihood of realization of deferred tax assets. Significant management judgment is required in determining any valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. In evaluating the ability to recover deferred tax assets, the Company considered available positive and negative evidence giving greater weight to its recent cumulative losses and its ability to carryback losses against prior taxable income and lesser weight to its projected financial results due to the challenges of forecasting future periods. The Company also considered, commensurate with its objective verifiability, the forecast of future taxable income including the reversal of temporary differences and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax planning strategies. The Company performed this evaluation as of the year ended December 27, 2008 and the three months ended March 28, 2009. At that time the Company continued to have sufficient positive evidence, primarily a cumulative profits position, the ability to carryback losses against prior taxable income and an expectation of improving operating results, showing a valuation allowance was not required. At the end of the second quarter of 2009, changes in previously anticipated expectations has necessitated a valuation allowance against the excess tax benefits recognized in this quarter and prior quarters since they are no longer more likely than not realizable. Under current tax laws, this valuation allowance will not limit the Company’s ability to utilize Federal and state deferred tax assets provided it can generate sufficient future taxable income.

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Under FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes-an Interpretation of FAS 109”, the Company classifies interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as part of income tax expense. The Company recognized interest expense of $10,000 and $53,000 for the three months ended June 27, 2009 and June 28, 2008, respectively, and $130,000 and $75,000 for the six months ended June 27, 2009 and June 28, 2008, respectively. As of June 27, 2009, the Company had approximately $443,000 of interest and zero penalties related to uncertain tax positions.

The amount of income taxes the Company pays is subject to ongoing audits by Federal, state and non-U.S. tax authorities which might result in proposed assessments. The Company’s estimate for the potential outcome for any uncertain tax issue is judgmental in nature. However, the Company believes that it has adequately provided for any reasonably foreseeable outcome related to those matters. The Company’s future results may include favorable or unfavorable adjustments to its estimated tax liabilities in the period the assessments are made or resolved or when statutes of limitation on potential assessments expire. As of June 27, 2009, changes to the Company’s uncertain tax positions in the next 12 months, that are reasonably possible, are not expected to have a significant impact on its financial position or results of operations.

The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. Federal jurisdiction, various U.S. states and non-U.S. jurisdictions. The Company is currently under examination by the State of California Franchise Tax Board for fiscal years 2004 and 2005.

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Note 14 — Commitments and Contingencies

Environmental Matters

The Company is subject to U.S. federal, state and local, and foreign governmental laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, including those governing the discharge of pollutants into the air and water, the management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes, the clean-up of contaminated sites and the maintenance of a safe workplace. The Company believes that it complies in all material respects with the environmental laws and regulations that apply to it, including those of the California Department of Toxic Substances Control, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District, the City of Livermore Water Resources Division and the California Division of Occupational Safety and Health. No provision has been made for loss from environmental remediation liabilities associated with the Company’s Livermore facility because the Company believes that it is not probable that a liability has been incurred as of June 27, 2009.

While the Company believes that it is in compliance in all material respects with the environmental laws and regulations that apply to it, in the future, the Company may receive environmental violation notices, and if received, final resolution of the violations identified by these notices could harm the Company’s operations, which may adversely impact its operating results and cash flows. New laws and regulations, stricter enforcement of existing laws and regulations, the discovery of previously unknown contamination at Company or others’ sites or the imposition of new cleanup requirements could also harm the Company’s operations, thereby adversely impacting its operating results and cash flows.

Legal Matters

From time to time, the Company may be subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. For the fiscal quarter ended June 27, 2009, the Company was not involved in any material legal proceedings, other than the proceedings summarized below. In the future the Company may become a party to additional legal proceedings, including proceedings designed to protect its intellectual property rights that require the Company to spend significant resources.

Patent Litigation

The Company initiated patent infringement litigation in the United States against Phicom Corporation, a Korea corporation, and its U.S. subsidiary, both collectively “Phicom”, and against Micronics Japan Co., Ltd., a Japan corporation, and its U.S. subsidiary, both collectively “Micronics Japan.” In 2005, the Company filed a patent infringement lawsuit in the United States District Court for the District of Oregon against Phicom charging that it is willfully infringing four U.S. patents that cover key aspects of the Company’s wafer probe cards—U.S. Patent Nos. 5,974,662, entitled “Method of Planarizing Tips of Probe Elements of a Probe Card Assembly,” 6,246,247, entitled “Probe Card Assembly and Kit, and Methods of Using Same,” 6,624,648, entitled “Probe Card Assembly” and 5,994,152, entitled “Fabricating Interconnects and Tips Using Sacrificial Substrates.” In 2006, the Company also filed an amended complaint in the same Oregon district court adding two additional patents to the litigation—U.S. Patent Nos. 7,073,254, entitled “Method for Mounting a Plurality of Spring Contact Elements” and 6,615,485, entitled “Probe Card Assembly and Kit, And Methods of Making Same.” Phicom answered the complaint and the amended complaint by denying infringement, alleging defenses and asserting counterclaims seeking adjudications on the validity, infringement and enforceability of the Company’s patents. Also in 2006, the Company filed a patent infringement lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California against Micronics Japan charging that it is willfully infringing four U.S. patents that cover key aspects of the Company’s wafer probe cards—U.S. Patent Nos. 6,246,247, entitled “Probe Card Assembly and Kit, and Methods of Using Same,” 6,509,751, entitled “Planarizer for a Semiconductor Contactor,” 6,624,648, entitled “Probe Card Assembly” and 7,073,254, entitled “Method for Mounting a Plurality of Spring Contact Elements.” Micronics Japan answered the complaint by denying infringement, alleging defenses and asserting counterclaims seeking adjudications on the validity, infringement and enforceability of the Company’s patents. The complaints in these actions seek both injunctive relief and monetary damages. These two district court actions have been stayed pending resolution of the complaint that the Company filed with the United States International Trade Commission, or ITC, which is described below.

On or about November 13, 2007, the Company filed a complaint with the ITC seeking institution of a formal investigation by the ITC into the activities of Micronics Japan and Phicom. The requested investigation as filed encompassed U.S. Patent Nos. 5,994,152, entitled “Fabricating Interconnects and Tips Using Sacrificial Substrates,” 6,509,751, entitled “Planarizer for a Semiconductor Contactor,” 6,615,485, entitled “Probe Card Assembly and Kit, And Methods of Making Same,” 6,624,648, entitled “Probe Card Assembly,” 7,168,162, entitled “Method of Manufacturing a Probe Card” and 7,225,538, entitled “Resilient Contact Structures Formed and Then Attached to a Substrate,” and alleges that infringement by each of Micronics Japan and Phicom of certain of the identified patents constitute unfair acts in violation of 19 U.S.C. Section 1337. The ITC complaint alleges violations of Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 in the importation into the United States of certain probe card assemblies, components thereof, and certain tested DRAM and NAND flash memory devices and products containing such devices that infringe patents owned by the Company, and requests a permanent exclusion order banning importation into the United States of infringing products and certain downstream products. The asserted patents currently in the investigation are U.S. Patent Nos. 5,994,152, 6,509,751, 6,615,485, 6,624,648 and 7,225,538.

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On or about December 13, 2007, the ITC provided public notice that it voted to institute an investigation of certain probe card assemblies, components thereof and certain tested DRAM and NAND flash memory devices and products containing such devices. The products at issue in this investigation are probe card assemblies, which are used to test semiconductor devices that have been fabricated on silicon wafers, memory chips that have been so tested, and products containing such chips.

The investigation (337-TA-621) was originally referred to the Honorable Theodore R. Essex, an ITC administrative law judge, and in July 2008 was reassigned to the Honorable Charles E. Bullock, an ITC administrative law judge, who will make an initial determination as to whether there is a violation of Section 337; that initial determination is subject to review by the full ITC Commission, the Commission. On or about January 23, 2009, the administrative law judge, after a September 2008 hearing, issued a claim construction ruling interpreting and defining terms of certain of the claims of the patents-in-suit. On or about January 28, 2009, the Company voluntarily withdrew its allegations to the extent that they encompassed its U.S. Patent No. 7,168,162, and on or about February 13, 2009, the administrative law judge issued an initial determination holding invalid the asserted claims of the Company’s U.S. Patent No. 6,624,648, after finding as part of the claim construction ruling that one of the terms in the asserted claims of that patent is indefinite. The Company appealed that initial determination of invalidity to the Commission on or about February 18, 2009. The Commission agreed to review the initial determination and a decision is expected within 30-60 days of the date of filing this Form 10-Q.

The scheduled hearing relating to the Company’s U.S. Patent Nos. 5,994,152, 6,509,751, 6,615,485, and 7,225,538 was conducted from February 23, 2009 through March 6, 2009. The administrative law judge issued a decision, termed an “Initial Determination,” on June 29, 2009. The Initial Determination is directed to four FormFactor patents: U.S. Patent Nos. 5,994,152, entitled “Fabricating Interconnects and Tips Using Sacrificial Substrates,” 6,509,751, entitled “Planarizer for a Semiconductor Contactor,” 6,615,485, entitled “Probe Card Assembly and Kit, And Methods of Making Same,” and 7,225,538, entitled “Resilient Contact Structures Formed and Then Attached to a Substrate.” The Initial Determination found all of the asserted claims of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,509,751, 6,615,485 and 7,225,538 valid and enforceable, and all but one of the asserted claims of U.S. Patent No. 5,994,152 valid and all of the asserted claims enforceable. The Initial Determination did not find infringement of any of the asserted claims, and therefore did not find a violation of Section 337.

FormFactor, Micronics Japan and Phicom filed additional briefing to the Commission seeking review of parts of the ALJ’s Initial Determination. The Commission can accept, reject or modify any of the ALJ’s recommendations. The Commission is expected to announce which aspects of the recommendations it will review on or before August 13, 2009, and for those parts of the Initial Determination that are reviewed by the Commission, a ruling, termed the Final Determination”, is scheduled to be issued by October 29, 2009. The Final Determination, which is an ITC remedial order in Section 337 cases, is effective when issued and becomes final 60 days after issuance, subject to Presidential review.

In addition to the United States litigations, the Company also initiated actions in Seoul, South Korea against Phicom. In 2004 the Company filed two actions in Seoul Southern District Court, located in Seoul, South Korea, against Phicom alleging infringement of the Company’s Korean Patent Nos. 252,457, entitled “Method of Fabricating Interconnections Using Cantilever Elements and Sacrificial Substrates,” 324,064, entitled “Contact Tip Structures for Microelectronic Interconnection Elements and Methods of Making Same,” 278,342, entitled “Method of Altering the Orientation of Probe Elements in a Probe Card Assembly” and 399,210, entitled “Probe Card Assembly;” as well as two actions the Company filed in 2006 in Seoul Central District Court against Phicom alleging infringement of certain claims of its Korean Patent No. 252,457 and seeking injunctive relief. These actions are all pending, on appeal to the High Court in Seoul as (i) on April 18, 2008, the Seoul Southern District Court issued a ruling that dismissed the Company’s complaint as it related to Korean Patent Nos. 252,457 and 324,064, finding certain claims of Patent Nos. 252,457 and 324,064 were invalid, and that one of the claims of each of the patents was not infringed by Phicom, (ii) in July 2008, the Seoul Central District Court dismissed the Company’s complaint related to Korean Patent No. 252,457, and (iii) on November 27, 2008, the Seoul Southern District Court dismissed the Company’s complaint related to Korean Patent Nos. 278,342 and 399,210. The Company did not appeal the judgment on the injunctive relief request related to Korean Patent No. 252,457 filed in the Seoul Central District.

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In response to the Company’s initiation of the infringement actions in Korea, Phicom filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, or KIPO, invalidity actions challenging the validity of some or all of the claims of each of the Company’s four patents at issue in the Seoul Southern District Court infringement actions. KIPO dismissed Phicom’s challenges against all four of the patents-at-issue. Phicom appealed the dismissals of the challenges to the Korea Patent Court. In 2005 the Korea Patent Court issued rulings holding invalid certain claims of the Company’s Korean Patent Nos. 278,342 and 399,210. In 2006, the Korea Patent Court issued a ruling holding invalid certain claims of the Company’s Korean Patent No. 324,064, and also issued a ruling upholding the validity of the Company’s Korean Patent No. 252,457. The Company appealed the Patent Court invalidity rulings to the Korea Supreme Court. Phicom appealed the Patent Court ruling on Korean Patent No. 252,457 to the Korea Supreme Court. In September 2007, the Korea Supreme Court affirmed the Patent Court rulings holding invalid certain claims of the Company’s Korean Patent Nos. 278,342 and 399,210. In April 2008, the Korea Supreme Court affirmed the Patent Court ruling holding invalid certain claims of the Company’s Korean Patent No. 324,064. In June 2008, the Korea Supreme Court reversed the Patent Court ruling and finding invalid certain claims of the Company’s Korean Patent No. 252,457 and remanding the case for further trial to the Patent Court.

Additionally, one or more third parties have initiated challenges in the U.S. and foreign patent offices against certain of the above and other of the Company’s patents. These actions include re-examination proceedings filed in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office against certain of the Company’s U.S. Patents that are at issue in the ITC investigation, proceedings in Korea against two of the Company’s Korean patents, and proceedings filed in Taiwan against four of the Company’s Taiwan patents.

No provision has been made for patent-related litigation because the Company believes that it is not probable that a liability had been incurred as of June 27, 2009. The Company will incur material attorneys’ fees in prosecuting and defending the various identified actions.

Securities Litigation

On October 31, 2007, a plaintiff filed a purported stockholder class action in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California in which the Company and certain of its then officers, including one former officer who was a director at the time of filing, are named as defendants under the caption “Danny McCasland, Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated v. FormFactor, Inc., Igor Y. Khandros, Ronald C. Foster and Richard M. Freeman.” Subsequently, plaintiffs filed two other purported stockholder class actions in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California under the captions “Yuk Ling Lui, on Behalf of Herself and All Others Similarly Situated v. FormFactor, Inc., Igor Y. Khandros, Ronald C. Foster and Richard M. Freeman,” and “Victor Albertazzi, Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated v. FormFactor, Inc., Igor Y. Khandros, Ronald C. Foster and Richard M. Freeman.” The three actions have been consolidated. The plaintiffs filed these actions following the Company’s restatement of its financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2006, for each of the fiscal quarters for that year, and for the fiscal quarters ended March 31 and June 30, 2007. In April 2008, the designated lead plaintiffs filed a Consolidated Amended Complaint. The plaintiffs claimed violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a), and Rule 10b-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, alleging that the defendants knowingly issued materially false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s business and financial results prior to the restatements. On July 25, 2008, the court granted the defendants’ motion to dismiss the Consolidated Amended Complaint with leave to amend. On August 22, 2008 the designated lead plaintiffs filed a Second Amended Complaint. The Second Amended Complaint also alleged violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a), and Rule 10b-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The plaintiffs again claimed that defendants knowingly issued materially false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s business and financial results prior to the restatement, as well as regarding the development of the Harmony product line. Plaintiffs sought to recover unspecified monetary damages, equitable relief and attorneys’ fees and costs. Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the Second Amended Complaint on October 6, 2008, and a hearing on the motion was held on February 6, 2009. On July 14, 2009, the court issued a ruling granting the Company’s and the other defendants’ motion to dismiss the second amended complaint without leave to amend. On July 28, 2009, plaintiffs filed a Motion to Alter or Amend the Judgment and to Uphold a Revised, Narrowed Second Amended Complaint. The revised complaint does not contain the accounting and restatement allegations that were included in the Second Amended Complaint but asks the Court to uphold only the Harmony-related allegations. The hearing on the Motion to Alter or Amend the Judgment is currently scheduled for September 11, 2009.

Plaintiffs will have thirty days from the Court’s ruling on the Motion to Alter or Amend the Judgment to file an appeal with the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.

No provision has been made for the securities litigation because the Company believes that it is not probable that a liability had been incurred as of June 27, 2009.

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Stockholder Derivative Litigation

On November 19, 2007, a plaintiff filed a purported stockholder derivative action in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Alameda in which the Company is named as a nominal defendant and certain of its then directors and officers are named as defendants under the caption “John King, Derivatively on Behalf of Nominal Defendant FormFactor, Inc. v. Dr. Igor Y. Khandros, Dr. Homa Bahrami, Dr. Thomas J. Campbell, G. Carl Everett, Jr., Lothar Maier, James A. Prestridge, Harvey A. Wagner, Ronald C. Foster and Richard M. Freeman, and FormFactor, Inc.” Subsequently, another plaintiff filed a second purported stockholder class action in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Alameda under the caption “Joseph Priestley, Derivatively on Behalf of FormFactor, Inc. v. Igor Y. Khandros, Mario Ruscev, James A. Prestridge, Thomas J. Campbell, Harvey A. Wagner, G. Carl Everett, Jr., Homa Bahrami, Lothar Maier, William H. Davidow and Joseph R. Bronson, and FormFactor, Inc.” The plaintiffs filed these two later actions following the Company’s restatement of its financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2006, for each of the fiscal quarters for that year, and for the fiscal quarters ended March 31 and June 30, 2007. The plaintiffs allege that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties and violated applicable law by issuing, and permitting the Company to issue, materially false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s business and financial results prior to the restatements. The plaintiffs seek to recover monetary damages, and attorneys’ fees and costs. The two derivative actions have been consolidated, and a consolidated amended complaint is to be filed 30 days after the United States District Court in the stockholder class action enters a final ruling on the class action plaintiffs’ Motion to Alter or Amend the Judgment in that action.

No provision has been made for the stockholder derivative litigation because the Company believes that it is not probable that a liability had been incurred as of June 27, 2009.

Commercial Litigation

On February 20, 2009, the Company filed a complaint for breach of contract, common counts, account stated and injunctive relief against Spansion, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Spansion”), in the state superior court located in Santa Clara County, California. The complaint alleges that Spansion, in breach of Spansion’s obligations under a purchase agreement entered into by the Company and Spansion, has failed to pay the Company for probe cards that the Company designed, developed and manufactured pursuant to several purchase orders placed by Spansion with the Company pursuant to the agreement. The complaint states that as of February 13, 2009, Spansion owed the Company $8,094,533 for probe cards delivered by the Company and not paid for by Spansion. In the complaint, the Company is seeking (i) payment of at least $8,094,533, (ii) a temporary protective order and an injunction enjoining Spansion from assigning or in any way divesting itself of any monies that the Company believes Spansion received from a certain third party entity, (iii) a prejudgment writ of attachment in favor of the Company over Spansion’s corporate assets and property, (iv) costs and (v) attorney’s fees. Prior to making any appearance or filing any answer in the action, Spansion filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Laws of the United States, which served to stay the Company’s complaint against Spansion. The Company has not recognized $1.4 million of revenue related to shipments to Spansion and has reserved the remaining $6.7 million of the outstanding receivable from Spansion as of the end of the second quarter of fiscal 2009.

The Company believes that the factual allegations and circumstances underlying the legal proceedings in this Note 14 filed against the Company are without merit. The Company also believes that it does not have a material monetary damages exposure in these legal proceedings that would individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, liquidity or results of operations; however, these legal proceedings have been costly and it is possible the Company will incur significant, and possibly material, attorneys’ fees, which may not be covered by its insurance policies. These legal proceedings may also divert the Company’s management’s time and attention away from business operations, which could prove to be disruptive to the Company’s business operations. In addition, an unfavorable outcome or settlement of these proceedings, particularly if it is not covered by or exceeds the Company’s insurance coverage, could individually or in the aggregate adversely impact the Company’s financial condition, liquidity or results of operations.

Indemnification Arrangements

The Company from time to time in the ordinary course of its business enters into contractual arrangements with third parties that include indemnification obligations. Under these contractual arrangements, the Company has agreed to defend, indemnify and/or hold the third party harmless from and against certain liabilities. These arrangements include indemnities in favor of customers in the event that the Company’s wafer probe cards infringe a third party’s intellectual property and the Company’s lessors in connection with facility leasehold liabilities that the Company may cause. In addition, the Company has entered into indemnification agreements with its directors and certain of its officers, and its bylaws contain

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indemnification obligations in favor of its directors, officers and agents. These indemnity arrangements may limit the type of the claim, the total amount that the Company can be required to pay in connection with the indemnification obligation and the time within which an indemnification claim can be made. The duration of the indemnification obligation may vary, and for most arrangements, survives the agreement term and is indefinite. It is not possible to determine or reasonably estimate the maximum potential amount of future payments under these indemnification obligations due to the varying terms of such obligations, the history of prior indemnification claims, the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular contractual arrangement and in each potential future claim for indemnification, and the contingency of any potential liabilities upon the occurrence of events that are not reasonably determinable. The Company has not had any requests for indemnification under these arrangements. The Company has not recorded any liabilities for these indemnification arrangements on its condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 27, 2009.

The Company believes that substantially all of its indemnities and commitments provide for limitations on the maximum potential future payments it could be obligated to make. However, the Company is unable to estimate the maximum amount of liability related to its indemnities and commitments because such liabilities are contingent upon the occurrence of events which are not reasonably determinable. The Company’s management believes that any liability for these indemnities and commitments would not be material to its accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Note 15 — Derivative Financial Instruments

SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”, requires companies to recognize all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value in the statement of financial position. Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the changes to the disclosure requirements for derivative and hedging activities of SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133”. SFAS No. 161 requires the Company to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why the Company uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133 and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect the Company’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows.

The Company operates and sells its products in various global markets. As a result, the Company is exposed to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company utilizes foreign currency forward contracts to hedge against future movements in foreign exchange rates that affect certain existing foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. The Company’s derivative instruments, which are generally settled in the same quarter, are not designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No.133, and therefore gains and losses are recognized in Other income (expense), net.

As of June 27, 2009, there were three outstanding foreign exchange forward contracts to sell Japanese Yen, Korean Won and Taiwan Dollars. The following table provides information about the Company’s foreign currency forward contracts outstanding as of June 27, 2009 (in thousands):

	Contract Amount (Local Currency)	Contract Amount (U.S. Dollars)
Japanese Yen	1,807,353	$	18,967
Taiwan Dollar	32,387	983
Korean Won	3,015,469	2,339
Total USD notional amount of outstanding foreign exchange contracts		$	22,289

The contracts were entered into on June 26, 2009 and matured on July 28, 2009. Accordingly, there were no amounts reported in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 27, 2009 related to these contracts. Additionally, no gains or losses relating to the outstanding derivative contracts were recorded in the fiscal quarter ending June 27, 2009.

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The location and amount of gains and losses related to non-designated derivative instruments that matured in the fiscal quarter ended June 27, 2009 in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations are as follows (in thousands):

	Location of Gain or	Amount of Gain or
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging	(loss) Recognized in	(Loss) Recognized in
Instruments Under SFAS No. 133	Loss on Derivative	Loss on Derivative

Foreign exchange forward contracts	Other Income (expense), net	$	(792	)
Total		$	(792	)

Note 16 — Departure of Executive Officer

The Company entered into a Separation Agreement and Mutual Release as of May 1, 2009 (the “Separation Agreement”) with its founder and former Executive Chairman Dr. Igor Khandros, who retired from the Company and the board of directors. Under the terms of the Separation Agreement, the Company accelerated vesting of options to acquire 75,000 shares and permitted certain vested stock options to be exercisable until the earlier of (i) May 1, 2014 or (ii) the original expiration date of the applicable stock option (Refer to Note 11). The Company and Dr. Khandros also entered into a consulting agreement effective as of May 1, 2009 under which Dr. Khandros will continue to serve as a key advisor to the Company for a term of one-year for a quarterly consulting fee of $75,000. The consulting agreement was terminated by Dr. Khandros effective July 1, 2009.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Securities Act of 1933, which are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. The forward-looking statements include statements concerning, among other things, our business strategy, including anticipated trends and developments in and management plans for our business and the markets in which we operate, financial results, operating results, revenues, gross margin, operating expenses, products, projected costs and capital expenditures, research and development programs, sales and marketing initiatives, and competition. In some cases, you can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “may,” “might,” “will,” “could,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “intend” and “continue,” the negative or plural of these words and other comparable terminology.

The forward-looking statements are only predictions based on our current expectations and our projections about future events. All forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report are based upon information available to us as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update any of these statements for any reason. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these statements. These factors include the matters discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 27, 2008, and in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. You should carefully consider the numerous risks and uncertainties described under these sections.

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes contained in this Quarterly Report. Unless expressly stated or the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “our,” “us” and “FormFactor” refer to FormFactor, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

Overview

We design, develop, manufacture, sell and support precision, high performance advanced semiconductor wafer probe card products and solutions. Semiconductor manufacturers use our wafer probe cards to perform wafer sort and test on the semiconductor die, or chips, or the whole semiconductor wafer, which is prior to singulation of the wafer into individual separate chips. We work closely with our customers on product design, as each wafer probe card is a custom product that is specific to the chip and wafer designs of the customer. We operate in a single industry segment and have derived substantially all of our revenues from the sale of wafer probe cards incorporating our proprietary technology, including our MicroSpring® interconnect technology.

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The oversupply of memory devices coupled with the overall global economic downturn and uncertainty in fiscal 2008 had a significant impact on global semiconductor device manufacturing. As the second quarter of fiscal 2009 progressed, we saw our markets continued to be affected by the continuing global macroeconomic downturn which resulted in a significant decrease in demand and a challenging environment for our advanced wafer probe cards. Revenues for the second quarter of fiscal 2009 were $31.2 million, reflecting a decline of 40% from the second quarter of fiscal 2008. This revenue decline was in each of the product markets we address—Dynamic Random Access Memory, or DRAM, NAND and NOR Flash memory and System on a Chip, or SoC, and was primarily due to a number of factors including the relative supply and demand of various semiconductor devices and end products incorporating those devices, semiconductor manufacturers’ efforts to curtail spending and conserve cash by taking capacity offline, reducing production, delaying the transition to new technology nodes and postponing the implementation of tooling cycles.

We incurred a net loss of $65.8 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2009 as compared to net loss of $18.7 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2008 primarily due to lower revenues as well as the inclusion of a $44.7 million valuation allowance for our deferred tax assets. We incurred a net loss of $103.8 million in the first half of fiscal 2009 as compared to net loss of $36.6 million for the first half of fiscal 2008 primarily due to lower revenues, the inclusion of a valuation allowance of $44.7 million for our deferred tax assets, the inclusion of $7.9 million of restructuring charges as well as $4.9 million in provision for bad debts due to the heightened risk of non-payment of certain accounts receivable. Net loss for the first half of fiscal 2008 included $8.5 million in restructuring charges and $0.5 million in provision for doubtful debts. In the first quarter of fiscal 2009, we initiated a global reorganization and cost reduction plan designed to lower our cash breakeven level in order to enable us to sustain ourselves financially in the current market environment. As part of the plan, we reduced our workforce by approximately 22%. We also implemented certain non-severance measures that we expect to result in future cost savings.

In addition, we are restructuring our operations through our global regionalization strategy by, for example, placing more decision-making in regions close to our semiconductor customers to enhance customer relationships, strengthening our local design, application and service capabilities to improve customer responsiveness, changing our manufacturing structure for shorter cycle time and improved product delivery capabilities, and realigning our research and development efforts. We have accelerated our regionalization efforts by bringing up back-end manufacturing in Asia. We qualified our back-end manufacturing in Korea during our first quarter of fiscal 2009 and plan to do so in Japan in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2009, followed by Singapore in fiscal 2010. The combination of these initiatives is intended to result in a lower manufacturing cost, a simplified manufacturing process and decreased cycle times for our customers.

We established a valuation allowance of $44.7 million against the excess tax benefits recognized in prior quarters. This charge resulted in an income tax expense, rather than an income tax benefit, for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009. This valuation allowance was based on our quarterly assessment of the realizability of our deferred tax assets. Significant management judgment is required in determining any valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. In evaluating the ability to recover deferred tax assets, we considered available positive and negative evidence giving greater weight to our recent cumulative losses, ability to carryback losses against prior taxable income and lesser weight to our projected financial results due to the challenges of forecasting future periods. We also considered, commensurate with its objective verifiability, the forecast of future taxable income including the reversal of temporary differences and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax planning strategies. The necessity for this valuation allowance and any future adjustments will be based on the available positive and negative evidence at that time, commensurate with its objective verifiability. Under current tax law, this valuation allowance will not limit our ability to utilize Federal and state deferred tax assets provided we can generate sufficient future taxable income. Our tax provisions in future periods will primarily consist of income taxes on our profits in certain jurisdictions outside of the US.

Our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities totaled approximately $486.8 million as of June 27, 2009 as compared to $522.9 million at December 27, 2008. While there are no specific significant transactions or arrangements that are likely to materially affect liquidity, economic uncertainty and weak credit markets are driving our customers to delay their procurement as well as payment decisions which could adversely delay and affect our cash collections. We believe that we will be able to satisfy our working capital requirements for the next twelve months with the liquidity provided by our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. If we are unsuccessful in improving our operating efficiency, reducing our cash outlays or increasing our available cash through financing, our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will further decline in the second half of fiscal 2009.

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We believe it is likely that the global economic and semiconductor industry downturns will persist; however, we cannot predict their severity or duration. Given the overall weakness of the United States economy and the global macroeconomy, and the current downturn in the semiconductor industry and its effects on demand for our products, we are unable to precisely forecast when or if revenues and profitability will return to previous levels.

Revenues. We derive substantially all of our revenues from product sales of wafer probe cards. Revenues from our customers are subject to fluctuations due to factors including, but not limited to, design cycles, technology adoption rates, competitive pressure to reduce prices, cyclicality of the different end markets into which our customers’ products are sold and market conditions in the semiconductor industry. Historically, increases in revenues have resulted from increased demand for our existing products, the introduction of new, more complex products and the penetration of new markets. We expect that revenues from the sale of wafer probe cards will continue to account for substantially all of our revenues for the foreseeable future.

Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues consists primarily of manufacturing materials, payroll and manufacturing-related overhead. Our manufacturing operations rely upon a limited number of suppliers to provide key components and materials for our products, some of which are a sole source. We order materials and supplies based on backlog and forecasted customer orders. Tooling and setup costs related to changing manufacturing lots at our suppliers are also included in the cost of revenues. We expense all warranty costs and inventory provisions or write-offs of inventory as cost of revenues.

We design, manufacture and sell a fully custom product into the semiconductor test market, which is subject to significant variability and demand fluctuations. Our wafer probe cards are complex products that are custom to a specific chip design and must be delivered on relatively short lead-times as compared to our overall manufacturing process. As our advanced wafer probe cards are manufactured in low volumes and must be delivered on relatively short lead-times, it is not uncommon for us to acquire production materials and start certain production activities based on estimated production yields and forecasted demand prior to or in excess of actual demand for our wafer probe cards. We record an adjustment to our inventory valuation for estimated obsolete and non-saleable inventories equal to the difference between the cost of inventories and the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions.

Research and Development. Research and development expenses include expenses related to product development, engineering and material costs. Almost all research and development costs are expensed as incurred. We plan to continue to invest in research and development activities to improve and enhance existing technologies and to develop new technologies for current and new markets and for new applications.

Selling, General and Administrative. Selling, general and administrative expenses include expenses related to sales, marketing, and administrative personnel, provision for doubtful accounts, internal and outside sales representatives’ commissions, market research and consulting, and other sales, marketing, and administrative activities. These expenses also include costs for protecting and enforcing our patent rights and regulatory compliance costs.

Restructuring Charges. Restructuring charges include expenses related to employee termination severance pay and benefits, and property and equipment impairment charges incurred as part of our global cost reduction plans.

Use of Estimates. Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates may change as new information is obtained. Significant items that are subject to such estimates include the fair value of revenue elements, fair value of marketable securities, allowance for doubtful accounts, reserves for product warranty, valuation of obsolete and slow moving inventory, valuation and recognition of stock-based compensation, provision for income taxes and valuation allowance for deferred tax assets and, tax liabilities and accruals for other liabilities.

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Results of Operations

The following table sets forth our operating results as a percentage of revenues for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 27,		June 28,		June 27,		June 28,
	2009		2008		2009		2008
Revenues	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%
Cost of revenues	104.3		78.7		108.5		79.9
Gross profit (loss)	(4.3	)	21.3		(8.5	)	20.1
Operating expenses:
Research and development	44.7		30.4		47.9		27.4
Selling, general and administrative	58.5		43.7		76.1		38.4
Restructuring charge	0.8		6.2		13.6		7.3
Total operating expenses	104.1		80.3		137.6		73.1
Operating loss	(108.3	)	(59.0	)	(146.1	)	(53.0	)
Interest income, net	2.4		6.0		3.2		6.8
Other income (expense)	(0.3	)	(1.3	)	(0.9	)	0.1
Loss before income taxes	(106.2	)	(54.3	)	(143.8	)	(46.1	)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	104.9		(18.3	)	33.5		(15.0	)
Net loss	(211.1	)%	(36.0	)%	(177.2	)%	(31.1	)%

Three and Six Months Ended June 27, 2009 and June 28, 2008:

Revenues

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 27,		June 28,				June 27,		June 28,
	2009		2008		% Change		2009		2008		% Change
	(In thousands, except percentages)
Revenues by Market:
DRAM	$	25,267	$	31,721	(20.3	)%	$	48,813	$	71,896	(32.1	)%
Flash	1,852		11,519		(83.9	)	2,471		27,737		(91.1	)
Logic	4,079		8,773		(53.5	)	7,283		18,083		(59.7	)
Total revenues	$	31,198	$	52,013	(40.0	)%	$	58,567	$	117,716	(50.2	)%

The decrease in revenue for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 was primarily due to weak demand for our advanced wafer probe cards caused by the continued weakness in the semiconductor market. For certain of our products we also experienced pricing pressure due to the availability of competitive products, which also contributed to the decrease in revenues.

Our revenues for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 were primarily generated by sales of wafer probe cards to manufacturers of DRAM devices. Revenues for our products that address the DRAM segment declined significantly in the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 as compared to the comparable periods in the prior year, primarily due to continued weak market conditions in which DRAM device pricing fell below the industry average of semiconductor manufacturers’ cash costs. Given the current price of DRAM devices, our customers that manufacture DRAM devices took certain actions, including decisions to delay transitions to new technology nodes, test capacity expansions and ramping of key devices. We also experienced pricing pressure on certain DRAM test products due to the competitive environment.

Revenues from sales to Flash memory device manufacturers also decreased significantly in the three months and six ended June 27, 2009 compared to the comparable periods in the prior year, with the decrease driven by sales decline in both NOR and NAND Flash wafer probe cards. The weakness in NOR Flash can be attributed to a decline in purchases by certain key customers. The decrease was primarily driven by a decline in revenues from NOR Flash wafer probe cards resulting from our largest NOR customer filing for bankruptcy protection in the first quarter of fiscal 2009. Additionally, revenues from NAND Flash wafer probe cards declined as NAND Flash memory device manufacturers significantly reduced their output in the first quarter of fiscal 2009, in an attempt to promote industry absorption of excess inventories.

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Revenues from manufacturers of SoC devices decreased in the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 compared to the comparable periods in the prior year, primarily due to the overall downturn in the semiconductor industry which negatively impacted the revenues from sales of our wafer probe cards.

The weak macroeconomic and credit environments have adversely impacted the profitability of our customers and their capital spending and are likely to result in product revenues in the near term that are lower than our revenue levels in comparable periods during prior fiscal years.

Revenue by Geographic Region

The following table sets forth our revenues by geographic region for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended								Six Months Ended
	June 27,		% of		June 28,		% of		June 27,		% of		June 28,		% of
	2009		Revenues		2008		Revenues		2009		Revenues		2008		Revenues
	(In thousands except percentages)
Japan	$	14,018	44.9	%	$	18,611	35.8	%	$	33,884	57.9	%	$	40,666	34.5	%
North America	6,232		20.0		12,344		23.7		9,180		15.7		24,480		20.8
Asia Pacific	9,794		31.4		15,779		30.3		13,035		22.3		42,532		36.1
Europe	1,154		3.7		5,279		10.1		2,468		4.2		10,038		8.5
Total revenues	$	31,198	100	%	$	52,013	100	%	$	58,567	100	%	$	117,716	100	%

Geographic revenue information is based on the location to which we ship the customer product. For example, certain South Korean customers purchase through their North American subsidiaries and accordingly, if the product is shipped to an address in South Korea it is reflected in the revenue for Asia Pacific.

The decreases in Japan and Asia Pacific for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 as compared to the same period in the prior year was primarily due to the decrease in our DRAM product sales in the region. The decrease in revenues in North America for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 compared to the same period in the prior year was primarily driven by decreased demand for all our products in this region. Revenue in Europe decreased for the three months ended June 27, 2009 primarily due to the decreased demand for all of our products in this region.

The following customers accounted for more than 10% of our revenues:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 27,		June 28,		June 27,		June 28,
	2009		2008		2009		2008
Elpida Memory	42.8	%	29.6	%	56.0	%	26.9	%
Spansion	*		12.5		*		15.1
Intel Corporation	*		17.4		*		14.7

* Less than 10% of revenues.

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Gross Profit

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 27,			June 28,			June 27,			June 28,
	2009			2008			2009			2008
	(In thousands except percentages)
Gross profit (loss)	$	(1,326	)	$	11,101		$	(5,005	)	$	23,673
Gross margin (loss)	(4.3		)%	21.3		%	(8.5		)%	20.1		%

Gross margin fluctuates with revenue levels, product mix, selling prices, factory loading, and material costs. For the three and six months ended June 27, 2009, gross margin declined compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to the significant decline in revenue driving lower factory utilization, thereby increasing unit manufacturing costs, combined with declines in average selling prices as well as unfavorable change in product mix from higher margin to lower margin products. This decline was partially mitigated by lower personnel costs as a result of our fiscal 2008 and 2009 global cost reduction plans as well as a decline in inventory write-downs. Inventory provision decreased from $11.8 million or 10% of revenues in the first six months of fiscal 2008 to $5.8 million, or 9.9% of revenues, in the first six months of fiscal 2009. The higher inventory write-downs in first six months of fiscal 2008 were associated with deterioration in the DRAM memory segment in that period. Excess custom inventories are not uncommon for us as our advanced wafer probe cards are custom designs manufactured in low volumes and must be delivered on relatively short lead times, which requires us to acquire production materials and start certain production activities based on estimated production yields and forecasted demand prior to or in excess of actual demand for our wafer probe cards. Stock-based compensation included in gross margin was $0.9 million or 3.0% of revenues, and $1.2 million, or 2.3% of revenues, in the three months ended June 27, 2009 and June 28, 2008, respectively, and $1.7 million, or 2.9% of revenues and $2.5 million, or 2.2% of revenues for the six months ended June 27, 2009 and June 28, 2008, respectively. The decline of stock-based compensation, in absolute dollars, was primarily as a result of reductions in headcount as a result of our 2008 and 2009 global cost reduction plans.

In the near future, our gross margins will likely continue to be adversely affected by lower levels of product revenues in comparison to the same periods in the prior fiscal year, even though we have taken significant steps to reduce our production levels and operating cost structure. Additionally, we may be required to record additional inventory write-downs if estimated average selling prices of products held in finished goods and work in process inventories at a quarter-end date are below the manufacturing cost of those products.

Research and Development

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 27,			June 28,			June 27,			June 28,
	2009			2008			2009			2008
	(In thousands except percentages)
Research and development	$	13,938		$	15,821		$	28,047		$	32,209
% of revenues	44.7		%	30.4		%	47.9		%	27.4		%

Research and development expenses decreased in absolute dollars for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to a decrease in certain new technology product development related costs, personnel costs and depreciation, facilities and information technology allocations. For the three and six months ended June 27, 2009, personnel costs decreased $1.4 million and $2.8 million, respectively, primarily due to reductions in headcount as a result of our global reorganization plans, expenses related to new technology and product development increased slightly, and depreciation and facilities and information technology allocations decreased $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively, primarily due to the implementation of corporate cost reduction initiatives. Stock-based compensation included within research and development was $1.4 million for the three months ended June 27, 2009 compared to $1.6 million for the three months ended June 28, 2008, and $2.5 million for the first half of fiscal 2009 as compared to $2.8 million for the first half of fiscal 2008. The decline in stock-based compensation in absolute dollars was primarily due to reductions in headcount due to the 2008 and 2009 global cost reduction plans.

As a percent of revenues, research and development expenses increased during the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 as compared to the comparable periods in the prior year, primarily due to the declining revenue base.

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We are continuing our strategic investments in research and development, including the development of our next generation parallelism architecture and products, fine pitch memory and SoC products, advanced MicroSpring interconnect technology and new process technologies. We remain committed to product development in new and emerging technologies.

Selling, General and Administrative

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 27,			June 28,			June 27,			June 28,
	2009			2008			2009			2008
	(In thousands except percentages)
Selling, general and administrative	$	18,263		$	22,705		$	44,574		$	45,363
% of revenues	58.5		%	43.7		%	76.1		%	38.4		%

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased in absolute dollars for the three and months ended June 27, 2009 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to a decrease in personnel-related costs, other discretionary spending, facilities-related costs and, depreciation. For the three and six months ended June 27, 2009, personnel related costs decreased by approximately $2.3 and $4.7 million, respectively, primarily due to the work force reductions, other discretionary spending decreased by $0.4 million and $0.9 million, respectively, due to the newly implemented corporate cost reduction initiatives and facilities-related costs and depreciation decreased $0.8 million and $1.1 million, respectively. Outside legal and other professional fees decreased by $1.5 million in the three months ended June 27, 2009 and increased by $0.3 million in the six months ended June 27, 2009, as compared to the comparable periods in the prior year. The change in legal fees for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 was primarily due to the scheduling of the International Trade Commission hearing on the investigation (337-TA-621) arising out of our complaint filed in late 2007. The increase for the six months ended June 27, 2009 was due to the fact the hearing was conducted during the first quarter of fiscal 2009, during which we also incurred fees and costs related to hearing preparation activities. The decrease during the three months ended June 27, 2009 reflects that the majority of the fees and costs related to the hearing and post hearing activities were completed by the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2009. In comparison, in the second quarter of fiscal 2008, we were engaged in active discovery activities.

Additionally, we recorded a reduction in the provision for doubtful accounts of $0.3 million in the three months ended June 27, 2009, compared to a provision of $0.5 million in the three months ended June 28, 2008. Provision for doubtful accounts was $4.9 million in the six months ended June 27, 2009 compared to $0.5 million in the comparable period in the prior year. In addition, stock-based compensation included within selling, general and administrative expense was $4.7 million and $7.6 million for the three and six months ended June 27, 2009, compared to $3.8 million and $6.9 million for the three and six months ended June 28, 2008. The increase in stock-based compensation was due to an option modification charge of $2.5 million in connection with the retirement of Dr. Igor Y. Khandros, our founder and former executive chairman of our board of directors in May 2009, offset in part by a decrease due to reductions in headcount as a result of our 2008 and 2009 global cost reduction plans.

As a percent of revenue, selling, general and administrative expenses increased in three and six months ended June 27, 2009 as compared to the comparable periods in the prior year, primarily due to the declining revenue base.

Restructuring Charges

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 27,			June 28,			June 27,			June 28,
	2009			2008			2009			2008
	(In thousands except percentages)
Restructuring charges	$	264		$	3,223		$	7,943		$	8,543
% of revenues	0.8		%	6.2		%	13.6		%	7.3		%

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In the first quarter of fiscal 2009, we implemented the Q1 2009 Restructuring Plan that included reducing our global workforce by 22%. The Q1 2009 Restructuring Plan extended the cost reduction plans implemented during fiscal 2008 and impacted employees across all functions of the organization. We recorded $7.7 million in relation to the Q1 2009 Restructuring Plan in the first quarter of fiscal 2009 and $0.3 million in relation to the Q1 2009 Restructuring Plan in the second quarter of fiscal 2009. The plan consisted primarily of involuntary employee terminations and benefit costs and write-down of certain assets taken out of service. During the three and six months ended June 27, 2009, we paid $0.8 million and $6.1 million of severance and benefits related to the Q1 Restructuring 2009 Plan. We anticipate that the remainder of the employee-related charges resulting from the cost reduction plan implemented in the first quarter of fiscal 2009 will be paid within the next nine months. We expect to realize a quarterly cost savings of approximately $3.4 million as a result of the actions taken in the first quarter of fiscal 2009 related to this plan.

In both the first and second quarters of fiscal 2008, we implemented global cost reduction plans that included reducing our global workforce. We recorded $3.2 million and $8.5 million in restructuring charges in the three and six months ended June 28, 2008, respectively. Both plans consisted primarily of involuntary employee termination and benefit costs and facility impairment charges related to vacating buildings in Livermore, California. Substantially all of the employee related charges related to the first quarter of fiscal 2008 and second quarter of fiscal 2008 cost reduction plans were paid by the end of fiscal 2008.

Interest Income and Other Income (Expense), Net

Three Months Ended